Where are we going with this? Getting to the current models of atomic theory didn't happen over night. This page will support the ability to use the kinetic molecular theory with the combined and ideal gas laws to explain changes in volume, pressure, moles and temperature of a gas and apply the ideal gas equation (PV = nRT) to calculate the change in one variable when another variable is changed and the others are held constant.
Gas Laws and Volume
Yes, there will be math. Eventually.
Yes, there will be math. Eventually.
Volume is the total space something occupies.
The amount of space that a substance or object occupies, or that is enclosed within a container.
Volume is often measured in some unit cubed. For example, it may be in cm3 or mm3 or cubic inches or cubic meters which is m3. Volume can also be measured in liters or millimeters (l or ml). In some of the models, using cubic meters is necessary, so becoming familiar with gases in that unit is important.
How Does Volume Affect Gases?
When the size of the container decreases…
If the volume changes, the molecules will strike the walls of the container more often (because they keep moving, but have less space to move in). Therefore:
- if the volume of the container decreases and the temperature stays the same, the molecules will strike the walls of the container more often and, thus, increase pressure.
- if the volume of the container decreases and the pressure stays the same, the temperature will decrease.
Reducing the volume of a gas increases its pressure if the temperature of the gas and the number of particles are constant.
Opposite: Increasing the volume of a gas decreases its pressure if the temperature of the gas and the number of particles are constant.
The math… Charles's Law, Combined Gas Law
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