Where are we going with this? This page will give the ability to use laboratory observations and data to compare and contrast ionic, covalent, network, metallic, polar, and non-polar substances with respect to constituent particles, strength of bonds, melting and boiling points, and conductivity; provide examples of each type.
Polar Covalent Bonding
When atoms bond but…
When atoms bond but…
Polar covalent bonding occurs when two atoms combine covalently, but when one of them has a higher electronegativity. Polar covalent bonding usually occurs between nonmetals.
Story (sort of) time…
So, hydrogen (H) is bopping along with one electron and it comes up to an oxygen that is missing two electrons. They decide to get together and form a covalent bond. BUT oxygen is greedy!
Oxygen's greed causes it to hog the electrons! Most of the time, all of the electrons are around the oxygen atom, leaving that part of the molecule negatively charged. As a result, the hydrogen part of the molecule is positively charged (since its electrons are being hogged by oxygen).
This is polar covalent bonding…
When electronegativity differences are higher within covalent bonds (usually in nonmetals), though the electrons are still shared, they are not equally distributed.
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